Caregiving population for people with mental illness: intervention proposal based on the nursing scientific methodology
Keywords:
informal carers, mental dissease, Patients, Promotion, Proyect, Mental healthAbstract
Mental illness represents a growing condition in our country. The humanization of care for these individuals has highlighted the importance of extrahospital work carried out by informal caregivers. However, there are few programs focused on this area. The lack of information, support, and socioeconomic resources triggers symptoms known as caregiver burden syndrome, indirectly affecting the care received by the patient. This article aims to identify the forms of psychic suffering and resilient aspects of the caregiver, promote self-care habits, and provide the necessary information. The activities are guided by the Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC), developing a caregiver-adapted plan to be implemented through the Nursing Care Process (PAE). Finally, the project's effectiveness is evaluated, based on the combination of quantitative data on patient and caregiver attendance at scheduled consultations and the collection of information through a satisfaction survey.
Downloads
References
Ferreira A, Tato JL. El entorno domiciliario en el paciente con alteraciones en la salud mental: el escenario de los cuidados de enfermería. Rev Iberoam Educ Investi Enferm. 2013;3(1):8-45. Disponible en: https://encuentra.enfermeria21.com.
Lima-Rodríguez JS, de Medina-Moragas AJ, Fernández-Fernández MJ, Lima-Serrano M. Factors Associated with Quality of Life in Relatives of Adults with Serious Mental Illness: A Systematic Review. Community Ment Health J. 2022; Disponible en: https://link.springer.com.
Fornés Vives J. Enfermería en salud mental: Cómo cuidar al cuidador y a nosotros mismos. Enferm Glob Rev Electrónica Trimest Enferm. 2003;2(1):20-11. Disponible en: https://dialnet.unirioja.es.
Federación de Asociaciones de Familiares y Personas con Enfermedad Mental de Galicia (FEAFES). ¿Qué es la enfermedad mental? Feafes Galicia. Disponible en: https://feafesgalicia.org.
Consellería de Política Social, Xunta de Galicia. Censo de persoas con discapacidade. 2021. Disponible en: https://politicasocial.xunta.gal.
López Gracia MV. Las crisis de salud mental y los cuidados familiares: Un estudio cualitativo [Tesis doctoral]. 2017;212.
Estrada‐Fernández ME, Gil‐Lacruz M, Gil‐Lacruz AI, Viñas‐López A. The impact of community care: Burden and quality of life of the informal caregivers of patients with severe mental disorder. J Community Psychol. 2022;50(1):487-501. Disponible en: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com.
Direción Xeral de Dependencia e Autonomía Persoal (SEMG). Manual de formación para coidados no contorno familiar. 2010. Disponible en: https://escolasaude.sergas.gal.
de la Cuesta Benjumea C, López Gracia MV, Arredondo González CP. Recuperar y conservar al familiar: estrategias de los familiares cuidadores para hacer frente a las crisis de salud mental. Aten Primaria. 2019;51(8):471-8. Disponible en: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com.
Salazar-Torres LJ, Castro-Alzate ES, Dávila-Vásquez PX. Carga del cuidador en familias de personas con enfermedad mental. Rev Colomb Psiquiatr. 2019;48(2):88-95. Disponible en: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com.
Yepes Delgado CE, et al. El oficio de cuidar a otro: “cuando mi cuerpo está aquí pero mi mente en otro lado”. Rev Cienc Salud. 2018;16(2):294. Disponible en: https://revistas.urosario.edu.co.
Salguero Salinas AV. CUIDARTE: PROGRAMA DE AUTOCUIDADO PARA CUIDADORES DE PACIENTES DIAGNOSTICADOS CON TRASTORNOS MENTALES. Investigación Revista do Colexio Oficial de Enfermaría de Lugo. 2020;42. Disponible en: https://repository.icesi.edu.co.
Gutierrez-Baena B, Romero-Grimaldi C. Development and psychometric testing of the Spanish version of the Caregiver Preparedness Scale. Nurs Open. 2021;8(3):1183-93. Disponible en: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com.
Barnhart WR, Ellsworth DW, Robinson AC, Myers JV, Andridge RR, Havercamp SM. Caregiving in the shadows: National analysis of health outcomes and intensity and duration of care among those who care for people with mental illness and developmental disabilities. Disabil Health J. 2020;13(1):100837. Disponible en: https://www.sciencedirect.com.
Cejalvo E, Martí-Vilar M, Merino-Soto C, Aguirre-Morales MT. Caregiving Role and Psychosocial and Individual Factors: A Systematic Review. Healthcare. 2021;9(12):1690. Disponible en: https://www.mdpi.com.
Medina IA, Carrillo AL, Pantoja M, Torres R, Medina JA, Cortez LC. Influence of anxiety and depressive symptoms on self-care agency in caregivers of people with chronic disease. Health Addict Salud Drog. 2021;21(1):204-15.
da Costa Andrade JJ, Oliveira Silva AC, da Silva Frazão I, Albuquerque Perrelli JG, de Moura Silva TT, Souza Cavalcanti AMT. Family functionality and burden of family caregivers of users with mental disorders. Rev Bras Enferm. 2021;74(5):e20201061. Disponible en: http://www.scielo.br.
Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS). Prevención de los trastornos mentales: intervenciones efectivas y opciones de políticas, informe compendiado. Ginebra: OMS; 2004.
Buitrago Ramírez F, et al. Prevención de los trastornos de la salud mental en atención primaria. Actualización PAPPS 2018. Aten Primaria. 2018;50:83-108. Disponible en: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com.
Bellido Mainar JR, Sanz Valer P. Buenas Prácticas. El cuidado y la promoción de la autonomía personal en el trastorno bipolar. Manual para el cuidador. 2013. Disponible en: https://consaludmental.org.
Duran Parra M, et al. Effectiveness of an Educational Nursing Intervention on Caring Ability and Burden in Family Caregivers of Patients with Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases. Investig Educ En Enferm. 2019;37(1):e4. Disponible en: https://revistas.udea.edu.co.
Federación Europea de Asociaciones de Familiares de Personas con Enfermedad Mental. Encuesta cuidando de quienes cuidan (C4C): Experiencias de cuidadores/as familiares de personas que viven con trastorno mental grave: una investigación internacional. Disponible en: https://consaludmental.org.
Hajisadeghian R, Ghezelbash S, Mehrabi T. The effects of a psychosocial support program on perceived stress of family caregivers of patients with mental disorders. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res. 2021;26(1):47. Disponible en: http://www.ijnmrjournal.net.
Aass LK, Skundberg-Kletthagen H, Schrøder A, Moen ØL. Young Adults and Their Families Living With Mental Illness: Evaluation of the Usefulness of Family-Centered Support Conversations in Community Mental Health care Settings. J Fam Nurs. 2020;26(4):302-14.
Lleixà Fortuño M, et al. Diseño de una web 2.0 para cuidadoras de personas con problemas crónicos de salud. Pixel-Bit Rev Medios Educ. 2015;(47):149-61. Disponible en: https://dialnet.unirioja.es.
Cuidadoras crónicos [Internet]. Disponible en: http://www.cuidadorascronicos.com.
Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social de Colombia, Organización Internacional para las Migraciones. Manual de cuidado a cuidadores de personas con trastornos mentales y/o enfermedades crónicas discapacitantes. 2016.
Bohórquez Bueno VC, Castañeda Pérez BA, Trigos Serrano J, Orozco Vargas LC, Camargo FA. Eficacia de la intervención enfermera para cuidadores con cansancio del rol del cuidador. Rev Cuba Enferm. 2011;10. Disponible en: http://scielo.sld.cu/pdf/enf/v27n3/enf05311.pdf.
Butcher HK, Bulechek GM, Dochterman JM, Wagner C. Clasificación de Intervenciones de Enfermería (NIC). 7a ed. Elsevier; 2018. 528 p.
Federación de Asociacións de Familiares e Persoas con Enfermidade Mental en Galicia. Manual de formación para coidados no contorno familiar de persoas con enfermidade mental. Disponible en: https://escolasaude.sergas.gal/Contidos/Documents/582/Manual_Formacion_Enfermidade_mental.pdf.
Consellería de Traballo e Benestar. Cartera de servicios para personas dependientes, prevención de la dependencia y promoción de la autonomía personal. Disponible en: https://politicasocial.xunta.gal/sites/w_polso/files/arquivos/publicacions/cartera_de_servicios_dependencia_publicada.pdf.
Xunta de Galicia. Guía de recursos para las familias. 2017. Disponible en: https://politicasocial.xunta.gal/sites/w_polso/files/arquivos/publicacions/guia_recursos_familia_2017-cas_0.pdf.
Bibliosaúde-SERGAS. Biblioterapia. Lecturas saludables. Disponible en: https://bibliosaude.sergas.gal/Paxinas/web.aspx?tipo=paxtxt&idLista=4&idContido=928&migtab=928&idioma=es.
Grupo Hospitalario Interdisciplinar de Apoyo al Cuidador - SERGAS. Arteterapia-súmate al reto «yo también puedo crear» y participa. Disponible en: https://xxisantiago.sergas.gal/DXerais/1377/ARTETERAPIA%20FINAL%20WEB.pdf.
Listado Diagnósticos Enfermeros NANDA 2021-2023. Disponible en: https://www.diagnosticosnanda.com/.
Fornés Vives J. Metodología científica y uso de taxonomías en salud mental. Presencia. 2008;4(7). Disponible en: http://www.index-f.com/presencia/n7/p0248.php.
Política Social, Xunta de Galicia. Guía para cuidados en el entorno familiar. Disponible en: https://politicasocial.xunta.gal/gl/recursos/publicacions/guia-para-cuidados-en-el-entorno-familiar.
Federación Extremeña de Asociaciones de Personas con Experiencia en Salud Mental y Familiares, Valero Almagro I, Lozano Sauceda A, Bote Mendoza G, García Vega L. Cuídate para cuidar - Cuaderno de tareas breves dirigido a familias de personas con problemas de Salud Mental. Disponible en: https://www.consaludmental.org/publicaciones/Cuidate-para-cuidar-salud-mental-extremadura.pdf.
Federación Extremeña de Asociaciones de Personas con Experiencia en Salud Mental y Familiares. Recomendaciones para familias y personas con experiencia propia en Salud Mental. 2020. Disponible en: https://www.feafesextremadura.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Guia_de_recomendaciones_Familia_y-Salud-Mental.pdf.
Lima-Rodríguez JS, Lima-Serrano M, Sáez-Bueno Á. Intervenciones enfermeras orientadas a la familia. Enferm Clínica. 2009;19(5):280-3. Disponible en: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1130862109001065.
Cerebro Ágil. Autoevaluación del Síndrome del cuidador. 2020. Disponible en: https://cerebroagil.com/2020/11/10/5-autoevaluacion-del-sindrome-del-cuidador/.
Seyedfatemi N, Ahmadzad Asl M, Bahrami R, Haghani H. The effect of the virtual social network-based psycho-education on the hope of family caregivers of clients with severe mental disorders. Arch Psychiatr Nurs. 2021;35(3):290-5. Disponible en: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0883941721000285.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Revista Enfermeir@s

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
When publishing in the journal Enfermeir@s, the author transfers all exploitation rights of their article to the Illustrious Official College of Nursing of Lugo, which, under the conditions and limitations established by intellectual property legislation, holds the copyright.
Unless otherwise indicated, all content is distributed under an international Creative Commons BY-NC-ND 4.0 license. Any form of reproduction, distribution, public communication, or transformation of this work not included in the Creative Commons BY-NC-ND 4.0 license may only be carried out with the express authorization of the copyright holders, unless an exception is provided by law. You can access the full text of the license at this link: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.gl.
Privacy Policy
Right to Information
For the purposes of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of April 27, 2016 (GDPR), regarding the protection of individuals concerning the processing of personal data and the free movement of such data, and Organic Law 3/2018 of December 5, on the protection of personal data and guarantee of digital rights (LOPDGDD), the user is informed of the existence of an automated processing system for personal data created by the Official College of Nursing of Lugo and under its responsibility, using the personal data provided during navigation on our website, either at the time of registration or when sending an email message.
Data Controller:
- Legal Name: Official College of Nursing of Lugo
- CIF: Q2766003D
- Address: Avenida de la Coruña 104, Entresuelo B, 27003 - Lugo (Lugo)
- Phone: 982242450
- Email for Communications: colexio@enfermerialugo.org
- Data Protection Officer Contacts:
- Phone: 984283532
- Email: delegadoprotecciondatos@prodasva.org
Purpose of Data Processing:
The purpose of processing your data is described in each of the forms provided on the website where you provide your data.
Legal Basis:
Article 6.1.a) of the GDPR: The data subject has given their consent to the processing of their personal data for one or more specific purposes.
Data Retention and Processing:
Your data will be retained as long as necessary to address your request unless you exercise your right to deletion or until the obligations arising from the purpose for which the data was collected are fulfilled. If necessary, the Official College of Nursing of Lugo will cancel or rectify data that is inaccurate, incomplete, or no longer needed for its purpose, in accordance with current legislation on Personal Data Protection.
Unless otherwise communicated, it is understood that your data has not been modified, that you commit to notifying us of any changes, and that we have your consent to use it to strengthen the relationship between the parties.
The data provided will not be transferred to third parties unless there is a legal obligation.
The Official College of Nursing of Lugo will not create any type of "profile" based on the information provided. No automated decisions will be made based on profiles.
In compliance with Law 34/2002 on Services of the Information Society and Electronic Commerce, Article 21, we will request your consent to send advertising communications that we believe may be of interest to you, via email or other equivalent electronic communication methods.
You have the right to object to and/or withdraw consent for the processing of the aforementioned data at any time without affecting the lawfulness of processing based on consent before its withdrawal, by notifying the data controller at the addresses provided.
Technical and Organizational Measures:
The Official College of Nursing of Lugo adopts technical measures, controls, and procedures of a physical, organizational, and technological nature that are reasonably reliable and effective to preserve the integrity and security of your data and ensure your privacy. However, it assumes no responsibility for damages caused by third-party alterations to users' computer systems, electronic documents, or files.
Additionally, all personnel with access to personal data has been trained and is aware of their obligations concerning personal data processing.
Contracts with our suppliers include clauses requiring them to maintain confidentiality regarding personal data accessed due to the tasks performed. They must also implement the necessary technical and organizational security measures to ensure the confidentiality, integrity, availability, and resilience of personal data processing systems and services.
These security measures are periodically reviewed to ensure their adequacy and effectiveness.
Rights:
Users may exercise their rights of access, rectification, deletion, objection, restriction of processing, data portability, and not being subject to automated individual decisions concerning the data processed, by contacting the data controller at the aforementioned address or via email at colexio@enfermerialugo.org, attaching a copy of their ID or equivalent document. Alternatively, they may contact the Data Protection Officer directly.
If satisfaction is not achieved in exercising their rights, users may file a complaint with the competent Data Protection Authority, which is the Spanish Data Protection Agency. Contact details are available at https://sedeagpd.gob.es/sede-electronica-web/vistas/formNuevaReclamacion/reclamacion.jsf.
BY-NC-ND 4.0